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Table 1 Summary of asymmetric connectedness studies

From: Interlinkages across US sectoral returns: time-varying interconnectedness and hedging effectiveness

Study

Market (s)

Data period

Results

Baruník et al. (2017)

Seven most liquid US sectors

August 2004-December 2011

Evidence of asymmetry for US sectors

Chen et al. (2019)

Chinese stock market sectors

July 2007-June 2016

Domination of bad volatility

Mensi et al. (2021a, b)

Ten sectors in the Chinese equity market

January 2005- May 2020

Domination of bad volatility

Suleman et al. (2021)

Dow Jones Islamic Market Index (DJIM) and the Brent crude oil, gold, and silver markets

4 January 2010- 30 November 2020

Domination of bad volatility

Cao et al. (2022)

Fifteen financial variables from Chinese financial system and global financial markets

7 August 2015–30 September 2020

Domination of bad volatility

Mensi et al. (2022)

The spot prices of West Texas Intermediate crude oil and six major currencies

2 June 2011- 26 June 2021

Domination of bad volatility

Abdullah et al. (2023)

Halal tourism stocks, green stocks, cryptocurrency, gold, and oil

2018M12–2022M09

Time varying and highly event dependent asymmetry among variables

Alshater et al. (2023)

IT sectors of 13 countries

15 January 2016–24 June, 2022

Strong negative spillovers regardless of frequency