Complex network analysis of global stock market co-movement during the COVID-19 pandemic based on intraday open-high-low-close data

Financial Innovation

Table 5 Average rankings of centrality in 2017 to 2022 by market segments and continent

Segments	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	Before	After	Average
Developed markets	22.58	24.66	23.10	26.84	24.22	26.65	23.45	25.90	24.68
Emerging markets	35.11	34.86	33.34	33.37	34.00	34.40	34.44	33.92	34.18
Frontier markets	53.62	51.49	56.19	49.47	50.73	51.47	53.77	50.56	52.16
Europe	25.92	26.05	26.52	25.37	25.10	25.80	26.16	25.42	25.79
South America	31.00	39.12	29.32	33.00	32.20	32.88	33.15	32.69	32.92
North America	30.95	34.85	38.70	32.10	35.00	39.60	34.83	35.57	35.20
Oceania	30.10	48.40	44.40	47.10	42.10	28.30	40.97	39.17	40.07
Asia	43.94	42.10	40.92	42.87	41.85	42.70	42.32	42.47	42.40
Africa	51.17	44.63	52.26	48.14	49.17	51.09	49.35	49.47	49.41