The nexus between the volatility of Bitcoin, gold, and American stock markets during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from VAR-DCC-EGARCH and ANN models

Financial Innovation

Table 3 Descriptive statistics of the returns of the data (during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2020–2021)

	Bitcoin market	Gold market	Nasdaq Stock market	S&P Stock market	Dow Jones Stock market
Minimum	−0.4686	−0.0540	−0.1315	−0.1277	−0.1384
Median	0.0047	0.0005	0.0022	0.0017	0.0012
Mean	0.0049	0.0003	0.0012	0.0008	0.0005
Maximum	0.1957	0.0679	0.0893	0.0897	0.1076
Standard deviation	0.0514	0.0107	0.0186	0.0173	0.0182
Skewness	−1.7859	0.0035	−1.0080	−1.0424	−1.0268
Kurtosis	16.4078	5.4137	9.8756	13.8120	15.4353