From: Exploring Bitcoin dynamics against the backdrop of COVID-19: an investigation of major global events
Mean | Std. Dev | Skew | Kurtosis | ADF test | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Panel A: full sample | |||||
btc | 0.000932 | 0.048649 | − 0.885240 | 10.188540 | − 9.1411*** |
us | 0.000423 | 0.013915 | − 0.995605 | 15.577220 | − 9.2363*** |
eu | 0.000112 | 0.011538 | − 1.292708 | 17.170820 | − 8.8277*** |
cn | − 0.000093 | 0.012117 | − 0.469962 | 5.304945 | − 9.5523*** |
usd | 0.000110 | 0.003822 | 0.190840 | 1.947285 | − 10.3840*** |
gold | 0.000367 | 0.009787 | − 0.258182 | 4.865910 | − 10.5840*** |
gsci | 0.000528 | 0.016347 | 1.348802 | 10.597990 | − 9.7886*** |
vix | 0.000210 | 0.000537 | 0.521173 | 0.629370 | − 10.9210*** |
bond | − 0.000065 | 0.002693 | − 0.692585 | 5.216177 | − 9.9907*** |
Panel B: before COVID-19 | |||||
btc | − 0.001558 | 0.047334 | − 0.317903 | 3.314795 | − 6.5311*** |
us | 0.000386 | 0.009665 | − 0.621286 | 3.487669 | − 7.1710*** |
eu | 0.000094 | 0.007677 | − 0.706400 | 1.973553 | − 6.8404*** |
cn | − 0.000198 | 0.012164 | − 0.354504 | 3.060114 | − 6.2799*** |
usd | 0.000103 | 0.003464 | 0.277556 | 1.307824 | − 7.7866*** |
gold | 0.000301 | 0.007086 | 0.331822 | 2.148386 | − 7.2293*** |
gsci | − 0.000031 | 0.011923 | − 0.103379 | 4.938443 | − 7.2721*** |
vix | 0.000730 | 0.090801 | 1.834414 | 11.351360 | − 8.1663*** |
bond | 0.000064 | 0.002006 | − 0.073448 | 1.401370 | − 6.5526*** |
Panel C: after COVID-19 | |||||
btc | 0.003083 | 0.049700 | − 1.322494 | 15.239945 | − 6.5505*** |
us | 0.000455 | 0.016750 | − 0.964824 | 12.880542 | − 6.4260*** |
eu | 0.000128 | 0.014053 | − 1.236761 | 13.711700 | − 6.2660*** |
cn | − 0.000002 | 0.012088 | − 0.570128 | 7.270436 | − 7.5310*** |
usd | 0.000115 | 0.004110 | 0.141370 | 2.020966 | − 7.3924*** |
gold | 0.000424 | 0.011633 | − 0.360716 | 3.742168 | − 7.8111*** |
gsci | 0.001011 | 0.019372 | − 1.536551 | 9.015542 | − 7.0030*** |
vix | 0.001624 | 0.090390 | 1.242735 | 4.326018 | − 7.1915*** |
bond | 0.000176 | 0.003167 | 0.714678 | 4.287886 | − 8.0265*** |