Table 1 Chinese carbon trading market inclusion criteria
Pilot area | Start-up time | Industries to be included | Inclusion criteria | Number of enterprises |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Shenzhen | June 18, 2013 | Industries (electricity, water, manufacturing, etc.) and buildings | Industries: over 5000 tons of carbon emissions Public buildings: 20,000 m2 or more Government buildings: 10,000 m2 or more | 721 (in 2019) |
Shanghai | November 26, 2013 | Electricity, steel, petrochemical, non-ferrous, aviation, and other industries | Annual energy consumption of 10,000 tons of standard coal or more | 323 (in 2021) |
Beijing | November 28, 2013 | Electricity, heat, petrochemicals, cement, road transport, service industry, and other industries | Over 5000 tons of carbon emissions | 843 (in 2019) |
Guangdong | December 19, 2013 | Six industries: electricity, cement, steel, petrochemicals, paper, civil aviation | Over 20,000 tons of carbon emissions or annual energy consumption of 10,000 tons of standard coal | 268 (in 2020) |
Tianjin | December 26, 2013 | Five industrial sectors: electricity and heat, steel, chemicals, petrochemicals, oil, and gas extraction | Over 26,000 tons of carbon emissions or annual energy consumption of 10,000 tons of standard coal | 139 (in 2021) |
Hubei | April 2, 2014 | Sixteen industrial sectors: electricity and heat, non-ferrous metals, iron and steel, chemicals, cement, petrochemicals, etc | Annual energy consumption of 10,000 tons of standard coal or more | 373 (in 2021) |
Chongqing | June 19, 2014 | Electricity, electrolytic aluminum, ferroalloy, calcium carbide, caustic soda, cement, steel | Over 26,000 tons of carbon emissions or annual energy consumption of 10,000 tons of standard coal | 242 (in 2015) |
Fujian | December 22, 2016 | Nine industries: electricity, petrochemical, chemical, building materials, steel, non-ferrous, paper, aviation, ceramics | Annual energy consumption of 10,000 tons of standard coal or more | 269 (in 2020) |