Fig. 7From: Exploring the asymmetric effect of COVID-19 pandemic news on the cryptocurrency market: evidence from nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag approach and frequency domain causalitySource Authors’ own work. Notes: The incidence of the connection between each RavenPack coronavirus related indices and daily changes of Bitcoin price is investigated at frequencies 2–3, 1–2, and 0–1. These frequencies show a short, medium, and long-term relationship. 0–1 is established as permanent causality, while 2–3 is recognized as temporary causality. The (red) upper line and the (brown) lower line represent statistically significant levels of 5 and 10%, respectively. The (blue) curves are used for statistical tests of various interval frequencies (0, π). Variables’ description is provided in Table 4Plots of frequency domain Granger causality test from RavenPack coronavirus related indices to Bitcoin. Back to article page