Table 7 Robustness checks of the WC by the TY causality test
Causality Path | Estimation Degree (k + dmax) | X2 Statistics | p-value | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
UNCERT FOOD | 3 | 3.530127 | ***0.0856 | Causality |
VIX FOOD | 3 | 9.691675 | *0.0046 | Causality |
OIL FOOD | 3 | 9.360580 | *0.0046 | Causality |
RAW FOOD | 3 | 3.803780 | ***0.0746 | Causality |
FERTILIZER FOOD | 3 | 2.418177 | 0.1482 | No Causality |
TEMPERATURE FOOD | 3 | 4.940688 | **0.0423 | Causality |
USD/TRY FOOD | 3 | 21.992910 | *0.0000 | Causality |
INTEREST FOOD | 3 | 1.965224 | 0.1872 | No Causality |
CDS FOOD | 3 | 4.279903 | ***0.0588 | Causality |