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Table 3 Characteristics of R&D intensity and development area classification

From: Near is more: learning efficiency in research and development innovation among interlocking firms

 

(1)

(2)

(2–1)

 

Panel A: High R&D intensity and Low R&D intensity (RD1)

RD1

0.0120

0.0087

− 0.0034

***

  

(− 6.12)

 

CoRD1

0.0109

0.0095

− 0.0014

***

  

(− 4.01)

 

KmRD1

0.6571

0.6283

− 0.0288

***

  

(− 3.46)

 

Panel B: Highly developed area and Low development area (RD1)

RD1

0.0096

0.0056

− 0.0039

***

  

(− 10.17)

 

CoRD1

0.0100

0.0071

− 0.0029

***

  

(− 12.26)

 

KmRD1

0.6947

0.3057

− 0.3890

***

  

(− 9.18)

 

Panel C: High R&D intensity and Low R&D intensity (RD2)

RD2

0.0254

0.0169

− 0.0084

***

  

(− 7.18)

 

CoRD2

0.0210

0.0184

− 0.0026

***

  

(− 3.50)

 

KmRD2

1.2472

1.1930

− 0.0542

 
  

(− 0.45)

 

Panel D: Highly developed area and Low development area (RD2)

RD2

0.0188

0.0112

− 0.0076

***

  

(− 9.64)

 

CoRD2

0.0194

0.0144

− 0.0050

***

  

(− 10.21)

 

KmRD2

1.3142

0.6022

− 0.7120

***

  

(− 8.88)

 
  1. This table presents the Classified Characteristics of RD1, CoRD1, KmRD1, RD2, CoRD2, and KmRD2. Panel A shows the characteristics of high R&D intensity and low R&D intensity. Panel B shows the characteristics of highly developed areas and Low development areas. Panel C shows the characteristics of high R&D intensity and low R&D intensity. Panel D shows the characteristics of highly developed areas and Low development areas. Column (1) presents firms that are in the highly area, column (2) presents firms that are in Low area, column (2–1) presents the difference between the two. *, **, and *** mean statistical significance at 0.1%, 1%, and 5%, respectively