Skip to main content

Table 6 Empirical estimation results with dependent variable ln((Pct_chg)2) of pooled or panel least square with or without AR(1) term with complete theoretical guidance with IVs (n = 60,144)

From: Pandemic or panic? A firm-level study on the psychological and industrial impacts of COVID-19 on the Chinese stock market

 

Model (6–1)

(Pooled IV/two-stage least squares)

Model (6–2)

(Pooled IV /two-stage EGLS with cross-section random effects)

Model (6–3)

(Pooled IV/two-stage EGLS with cross− section weights)

Model (6–4)

(Pooled IV/two-Stage EGLS with period weights)

Model (6–5)

(Pooled IV/two-stage EGLS with period SUR)

Model (6–6)

(Pooled IV/two-stage least squares with AR(1))

Model (6–7)

(Pooled IV/two-stage least squares with cross-section weights and AR(1))

ln((Close)2)

0.238***

(25.752)

0.261***

(21.266)

0.170***

(24.641)

0.176***

(20.622)

0.168***

(16.341)

0.247***

(24.815)

0.170***

(23.403)

Daily_infection

− 0.001***

(− 11.099)

− 0.001***

(− 11.596)

− 0.001***

(− 15.382)

− 0.000**

(− 10.233)

− 0.000***

(− 11.445)

0.000***

(6.268)

0.000***

(9.059)

ln(∆Daily_infection2)

− 0.049

(− 1.607)

− 0.049

(− 1.679)

− 0.030

(− 1.396)

− 0.118***

(− 4.014)

− 0.087***

(− 3.041)

− 0.128***

(− 4.698)

− 0.109***

(− 5.949)

Suspected_infection

− 0.001***

(− 25.497)

− 0.001***

(− 26.649)

− 0.001***

(− 33.982)

− 0.000***

(− 31.875)

− 0.000***

(− 32.101)

− 0.000***

(− 21.222)

− 0.000***

(− 28.236)

ln((∆Suspected_infection_new)2)

0.023***

(5.366)

0.023***

(5.607)

0.025***

(8.008)

0.018***

(4.813)

0.022***

(6.014)

− 0.028***

(− 11.461)

− 0.026***

(− 16.043)

Death_cases

0.025***

(8.570)

0.025***

(8.953)

0.025***

(12.122)

0.019***

(7.499)

0.021***

(6.014)

− 0.013***

(− 13.659)

− 0.012***

(− 19.027)

ln((∆Death_cases)2)

0.135

(1.409)

0.136

(1.486)

0.018

(0.262)

0.467***

(5.318)

0.309***

(3.362)

0.855***

(16.147)

0.718***

(20.049)

Recovery

− 0.002***

(− 9.936)

− 0.002***

(− 10.381)

− 0.001***

(− 13.889)

− 0.001***

(− 9.235)

− 0.001***

(− 10.427)

0.000***

(9.665)

0.000***

(13.544)

ln((∆Recovery)2)

0.602***

(8.469)

0.601***

(8.830)

0.606***

(12.039)

0.318***

(5.532)

0.423***

(7.214)

0.094***

(2.641)

0.129***

(5.360)

Total_revenue

− 1.00E−08**

(− 2.050)

− 1.04E−08

(− 1.597)

− 8.52E−09**

(− 2.077)

− 1.02E−08**

(− 2.268)

− 9.46E−09*

(− 1.736)

− 6.22E−09

(− 1.182)

− 5.32E−09

(− 1.544)

ln(Operating_cost)

− 0.108***

(− 10.218)

− 0.109***

(− 7.835)

− 0.102***

(− 13.491)

− 0.112***

(− 11.496)

− 0.108***

(− 9.172)

− 0.101***

(− 8.946)

− 0.094***

(− 12.116)

Operating_profit

− 7.30E−08***

(− 3.707)

− 7.48E−08***

(− 2.853)

− 9.08E−08***

(− 4.248)

− 7.03E−08***

(− 3.869)

− 6.89E−08***

(− 3.135)

− 8.94E−08***

(− 4.211)

− 1.08E−07**

(− 4.964)

ln(Buy_vol)

0.149***

(18.886)

0.159***

(15.229)

0.146***

(24.862)

0.123***

(16.973)

0.122***

(13.946)

0.157***

(18.530)

0.151***

(24.766)

Industry_5

0.655***

(7.415)

0.656***

(5.579)

0.542***

(8.826)

0.561***

(6.881)

0.505***

(5.128)

0.668***

(7.014)

0.571***

(8.907)

Industry_7

0.415***

(3.797)

0.404***

(2.779)

0.348***

(4.559)

0.344***

(3.408)

0.366***

(3.001)

0.465***

(3.946)

0.392***

(4.897)

Industry_8

− 0.790***

(− 2.958)

− 0.757**

(− 2.128)

− 0.376

(− 1.283)

− 0.541**

(− 2.194)

− 0.491*

(− 1.649)

− 0.931***

(− 3.232)

− 0.455

(− 1.447)

Industry_9

− 1.509***

(− 9.162)

− 1.481***

(− 6.747)

− 1.362***

(− 8.133)

− 1.618***

(− 10.642)

− 1.619***

(− 8.804)

− 1.443***

(− 8.124)

− 1.213***

(− 7.469)

Industry_10

0.588***

(4.107)

0.568***

(2.977)

0.469***

(4.708)

0.492***

(3.724)

0.479***

(2.995)

0.612***

(3.963)

0.519***

(4.829)

Industry_15

0.176**

(2.159)

0.175

(1.607)

0.069

(1.174)

0.161**

(2.137)

0.133

(1.461)

0.209**

(2.382)

0.102

(1.634)

Industry_16

0.223**

(2.312)

0.206

(1.604)

0.131*

(1.831)

0.049

(0.555)

− 0.065

(− 0.601)

0.247**

(2.215)

0.181**

(2.402)

Industry_19

0.235**

(2.268)

0.203

(1.476)

0.215***

(2.868)

0.188**

(1.967)

0.181

(1.571)

0.247**

(2.215)

0.261***

(3.222)

Industry_21

0.519***

(4.904)

0.469***

(3.328)

0.486***

(6.410)

0.374***

(3.829)

0.367***

(3.107)

0.569***

(4.992)

0.576***

(7.044)

Industry_22

− 0.627***

(− 2.692)

− 0.624**

(− 2.012)

− 1.013***

(− 5.762)

− 0.486**

(− 2.262)

− 0.327

(− 1.258)

− 0.494***

(− 2.764)

− 1.069***

(− 6.024)

Industry_23

0.265**

(2.327)

0.246

(1.625)

0.125

1.559

0.359***

(3.385)

0.385***

(3.029)

0.279**

(2.269)

0.145*

(1.678)

Industry_26

− 0.205*

(− 1.824)

− 0.197

(− 1.316)

− 0.380***

(− 4.865)

− 0.304***

(− 2.940)

− 0.319**

(− 2.551)

− 0.189

(− 1.571)

− 0.370***

(− 4.519)

Industry_27

− 0.588***

(− 6.297)

− 0.569***

(− 4.580)

− 0.613***

(− 8.940)

− 0.563***

(− 6.541)

− 0.515***

(− 4.942)

− 0.589***

(− 5.864)

− 0.577***

(− 8.179)

Industry_28

− 0.711***

(− 7.474)

− 0.687***

(− 5.419)

− 0.656***

(− 8.629)

− 0.823***

(− 9.376)

− 0.778***

(− 7.329)

− 0.718***

(− 6.994)

− 0.629***

(− 7.866)

Industry_29

0.577***

(4.036)

0.565***

(2.968)

0.423**

(4.615)

0.516***

(3.908)

0.460**

(2.886)

0.618***

(− 6.994)

0.489***

(4.782)

Industry_34

0.332*

(1.928)

0.357

(1.554)

0.202*

(1.677)

0.281*

(1.765)

0.347**

(1.804)

0.381**

(2.044)

0.248**

(2.004)

Industry_36

− 1.034***

(− 6.550)

− 1.006***

(− 4.787)

− 0.776***

(− 6.350)

− 0.795***

(− 5.458)

− 0.542***

(− 3.078)

− 1.124***

(− 6.604)

− 0.822***

(− 6.333)

Industry_37

− 0.754***

(− 5.139)

− 0.728***

(− 3.724)

− 0.883***

(− 8.155)

− 0.769***

(− 5.681)

− 0.733***

(− 4.475)

− 0.678***

(− 4.286)

− 0.774***

(− 7.489)

Industry_38

− 0.783***

(− 5.764)

− 0.766***

(− 4.232)

− 0.901**

(− 9.129)

− 0.723**

(− 5.769)

− 0.659***

(− 4.347)

− 0.813***

(− 5.547)

− 0.903***

(− 9.330)

Industry_41

0.392***

(2.703)

0.364*

(1.884)

0.272***

(2.709)

0.191

(1.425)

0.048

(0.295)

0.432***

(2.754)

0.345***

(3.348)

Industry_42

− 1.001***

(− 9.028)

− 0.975***

(− 6.602)

− 0.814***

(− 9.052)

− 0.958***

(− 9.366)

− 0.879***

(− 7.107)

− 0.956***

(− 7.998)

− 0.773***

(− 8.474)

Industry_43

0.324***

(2.775)

0.289*

(1.857)

0.234***

(2.922)

0.329***

(3.058)

0.399***

(3.062)

0.347***

(2.759)

0.299***

(3.571)

Industry_46

− 0.935***

(− 3.841)

− 0.924**

(− 2.851)

− 0.609**

(− 2.946)

− 0.899***

(− 4.004)

− 0.821***

(− 3.021)

− 0.882***

(− 3.359)

− 0.569***

(− 2.731)

Industry_47

0.556***

(3.076)

0.558**

(2.320)

0.459***

(3.854)

0.541***

(3.245)

0.552***

(2.737)

0.625***

(3.211)

0.540***

(4.196)

Industry_50

0.566**

(2.325)

0.575*

(1.774)

0.506***

(2.670)

0.604***

(2.693)

0.590**

(2.174)

0.547**

(2.085)

0.533***

(2.726)

Industry_51

0.687***

(8.213)

0.656***

(5.886)

0.641***

(10.969)

0.583***

(7.552)

0.567***

(6.065)

0.739***

(8.199)

0.729***

(11.794)

Industry_52

0.840***

(6.422)

0.821***

(4.712)

0.585***

(6.785)

0.705***

(5.839)

0.677***

(4.635)

0.889***

(6.299)

0.649***

(7.145)

Industry_53

− 0.525***

(− 3.839)

− 0.541***

(− 2.975)

− 0.547***

(− 4.996)

− 0.356***

(− 2.826)

− 0.274*

(− 1.795)

− 0.456***

(− 3.098)

− 0.447***

(− 3.849)

Industry_54

− 0.497***

(− 2.903)

− 0.467**

(− 2.051)

− 0.398***

(− 2.729)

− 0.482***

(− 3.057)

− 0.408**

(− 2.138)

− 0.523***

(− 2.837)

− 0.372**

(− 2.438)

Industry_55

0.588***

(4.011)

0.567***

(2.901)

0.614***

(5.891)

0.509***

(3.760)

0.482***

(2.945)

0.667***

(4.218)

0.700***

(6.479)

Industry_56

0.598***

(6.081)

0.578***

(4.413)

0.450***

(6.530)

0.555***

(6.115)

0.599***

(5.465)

0.609***

(5.738)

0.483***

(6.562)

Industry_58

− 0.574***

(− 3.105)

− 0.556**

(− 2.258)

− 0.574***

(− 3.731)

− 0.484***

(− 2.838)

− 0.371*

(− 1.797)

− 0.558***

(− 2.801)

− 0.537***

(− 3.304)

Industry_60

− 0.416**

(− 2.041)

− 0.399

(− 1.467)

− 0.434***

(− 2.687)

− 0.360*

(− 1.912)

− 0.294

(− 1.293)

− 0.479**

(− 2.181)

− 0.497***

(− 2.933)

Industry_61

− 0.612***

(− 4.036)

− 0.585***

(− 2.895)

− 0.594***

(− 5.574)

− 0.645***

(− 4.612)

− 0.560***

(− 3.311)

− 0.590***

(− 3.609)

− 0.595***

(− 5.312)

Industry_62

− 1.003***

(− 6.226)

− 0.988***

(− 4.604)

− 1.139***

(− 10.934)

− 0.925***

(− 6.221)

− 0.803***

(− 4.466)

− 1.018***

(− 5.858)

− 1.162***

(− 10.686)

Industry_63

− 0.351***

(− 3.217)

− 0.329**

(− 2.271)

− 0.387***

(− 4.694)

− 0.302***

(− 3.002)

− 0.245**

(− 2.018)

− 0.358***

(− 3.050)

− 0.367***

(− 4.366)

Industry_66

− 1.125***

(− 8.275)

− 1.138***

(− 6.285)

− 0.998***

(− 9.351)

− 1.074***

(− 8.559)

− 1.003***

(− 6.612)

− 1.120***

(− 7.645)

0.054***

(12.579)

AR(1)

     

0.045***

(10.213)

0.054***

(12.579)

Random effect (cross)

 

Yes

     

Adjusted R2

0.082

0.061

0.117

0.112

0.090

0.101

0.152

  1. The values of the constant terms are not reported. t statistics in parentheses. Instrumental variables (IVs) are ICU_patients as well as log((∆ICU_patients)2). For industrial variables, only those who are statistically significant are reported in the table
  2. ***p ≤ 0.01, **0.01 < p < 0.05, *0.05 < p < 0.1