Do biometric payment systems work during the COVID-19 pandemic? Insights from the Spanish users' viewpoint

Financial Innovation

Table 7 Moderating Effect of COVID-19

Nº	Research hypotheses	Path coefficient (with fear)	Path coefficient (without fear)	Coefficients-diff	p-value
H1( +)	CON → IU	0.149	− 0.027	0.176	0.130
H2( +)	EE → IU	− 0.089	0.028	− 0.117	0.165
H3( +)	SN → PU	0.684	0.329	0.355	0.000
H4( +)	SN → PTR	0.614	0.211	0.357	0.001
H5( +)	PPIT → IU	0.125	0.173	− 0.049	0.706
H6( +)	HAB → IU	0.292	0.324	− 0.032	0.815
H7( +)	PU → IU	0.122	0.211	− 0.089	0.430
H8( +)	PTR → IU	0.344	0.316	0.028	0.817
H9( +)	IU → RECOM	0.728	0.807	− 0.080	0.210

Note. Significant differences are shown in bold
CON, Convenience; EE, Effort expentancy; HAB, Habit; IU, Intention to use; PTR, Perceived trust; PU, Perceived usefulness; PPIT, Personal innovation; SN, Subjective norms; RECOM, intention to recommend