Do biometric payment systems work during the COVID-19 pandemic? Insights from the Spanish users' viewpoint

Financial Innovation

Table 3 Descriptive statistics, convergent validity and internal consistency reliability

Variables	Mean	VIF	Loadings	Kurtosis	Skewness	CA	Rho_A	CR	AVE
Convenience
CON1	4.57	2.866	0.899	− 1.131	− 0.434	0.911	0.917	0.938	0.790
CON2	4.52	2.779	0.886	− 0.928	− 0.499
CON3	4.73	3.250	0.908	− 0.928	− 0.410
CON4	4.55	2.510	0.862	− 0.793	− 0.541
Effort expectancy
EE1	5.15	3.971	0.968	− 0.678	− 0.751	0.928	0.931	0.965	0.932
EE2	5.16	3.971	0.963	− 0.703	− 0.692
Subjective norms
SN1	3.98	2.334	0.867	− 1.108	− 0.164	0.891	0.893	0.925	0.754
SN2	3.63	2.809	0.892	− 0.999	0.161
SN3	3.65	2.337	0.854	− 1.156	0.157
SN4	3.98	2.315	0.861	− 1.163	− 0.079
Personal innovation
PIIT1	4.58	3.605	0.915	− 0.974	− 0.399	0.939	0.940	0.956	0.845
PIIT2	4.18	2.928	0.886	− 1.135	− 0.202
PIIT3	4.56	4.719	0.938	− 0.891	− 0.356
PIIT4	4.39	4.587	0.936	− 1.034	− 0.202
Habit
HAB1	4.15	3.109	0.925	− 1.103	− 0.139	0.901	0.916	0.938	0.834
HAB2	4.26	3.836	0.942	− 0.938	− 0.178
HAB3	4.43	2.397	0.872	− 0.831	− 0.308
Perceived usefulness
PU1	4.45	1.960	0.819	− 1.026	− 0.301	0.889	0.899	0.923	0.751
PU2	4.55	2.802	0.891	− 0.884	− 0.357
PU3	4.26	2.348	0.861	− 1.010	− 0.163
PU4	4.58	2.591	0.893	− 0.820	− 0.467
Perceived trust
PTR1	4.20	2.761	0.881	− 0.876	− 0.218	0.937	0.941	0.955	0.842
PTR2	4.27	4.913	0.937	− 0.981	− 0.035
PTR3	4.28	4.650	0.932	− 0.931	− 0.223
PTR4	4.06	3.542	0.918	− 0.940	− 0.164
Intention to use
IU1	3.98	3.380	0.960	− 1.208	− 0.045	0.913	0.913	0.958	0.920
IU2	3.93	3.380	0.958	− 1.181	0.008
Intention to recommend
RECOM1	4.36	2.735	0.899	− 0.821	− 0.350	0.898	0.899	0.936	0.831
RECOM2	4.25	3.509	0.933	− 0.902	− 0.280
RECOM3	3.95	2.535	0.902	− 0.950	− 0.074