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Table 6 MCS test results of the model (using the logarithmic growth rate of EPU)

From: Forecasting the volatility of EUA futures with economic policy uncertainty using the GARCH-MIDAS model

Model

MAE

MSE

MAD

MSD

R\(^2\)LOG

QLIKE

\(T_{R}\)

\(T_{SQ}\)

\(T_{R}\)

\(T_{SQ}\)

\(T_{R}\)

\(T_{SQ}\)

\(T_{R}\)

\(T_{SQ}\)

\(T_{R}\)

\(T_{SQ}\)

\(T_{R}\)

\(T_{SQ}\)

GM-\(^{*}GEPU\)

0.059

0.059

0.778

0.778

0.024

0.024

0.198

0.198

0.038

0.038

0.881

0.957

GM-\(^{*}EEPU\)

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

0.881

0.957

GARCH

0.000

0.000

0.110

0.159

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

1.000

1.000

GJRGARCH

0.000

0.000

0.368

0.295

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.002

0.000

0.000

0.881

0.957

NAGERCH

0.008

0.007

0.566

0.585

0.003

0.003

0.020

0.028

0.001

0.001

0.881

0.957

NGARCH

0.000

0.000

0.157

0.188

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.881

0.957

EGARCH

0.000

0.000

0.094

0.087

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.881

0.900

IGARCH

0.000

0.000

0.094

0.097

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.881

0.957

  1. The bold numbers represent the models with p value greater than 0.1