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Table 2 Power transformation for Zt

From: Investigating seasonality, policy intervention and forecasting in the Indian gold futures market: a comparison based on modeling non-constant variance using two different methods

\(\lambda\)

Log likelihood

Root mean square error (RMSE)

Akaike information criterion, (AIC)

Bayesian information criterion, (BIC)

1.0

− 1263.81

1,534,533.01

2539.62

2557.92

0.5

− 1249.57

1,517,748.87

2511.14

2529.44

0.0

− 1249.58

1,591,506.86

2511.17

2529.46

− 0.5

− 1266.58

1,387,536.15

2545.17

2563.47

− 1.0

− 1299.56

1,320,672.06

2611.11

2629.41