Table 5 Effects of TRRRCs on corporate tax avoidance
From: Does access to credit reduce SMEs’ tax avoidance? Evidence from a regression discontinuity design
75% CCTF | CCTF | 150% CCTF | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
Panel A: 2SLS (dependent variable: \(BTD\)) | ||||||
\(TRC\) | − 0.318** | − 0.324* | − 0.264* | − 0.206** | − 0.248*** | − 0.212** |
(0.132) | (0.188) | (0.139) | (0.101) | (0.095) | (0.097) | |
Polynomial | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic |
Covariates | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
Sample size | 1532 | 2921 | 1844 | 4843 | 3718 | 6686 |
Panel B: Sharp RDD (dependent variable: \(BTD\)) | ||||||
\(SME\) | − 0.048*** | − 0.048*** | − 0.039*** | − 0.043*** | − 0.042*** | − 0.040*** |
(0.015) | (0.017) | (0.012) | (0.014) | (0.010) | (0.012) | |
Polynomial | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic |
Covariates | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
Sample size | 1599 | 3079 | 2649 | 4816 | 3858 | 6968 |
Panel C: 2SLS (dependent variable: \(DDBTD\)) | ||||||
\(TRC\) | − 0.257*** | − 0.246* | − 0.157* | − 0.141** | − 0.162** | − 0.129* |
(0.010) | (0.132) | (0.091) | (0.070) | (0.075) | (0.075) | |
Polynomial | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic |
Covariates | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
Sample size | 1532 | 2921 | 2460 | 5794 | 3718 | 6661 |
Panel D: Sharp RDD (dependent variable: \(DDBTD\)) | ||||||
\(SME\) | − 0.035*** | − 0.037** | − 0.025** | − 0.031*** | − 0.028*** | − 0.025** |
(0.013) | (0.015) | (0.010) | (0.012) | (0.009) | (0.010) | |
Polynomial | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic |
Covariates | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes |
Sample size | 1766 | 3079 | 2860 | 5498 | 4271 | 6968 |