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Table 6 Short Run ARDL Results

From: The relationship between energy consumption, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in Pakistan

Variable

Coefficient

Std. Error

t-Statistic

Prob.

D (Coal consumption)

0.0374

0.0118

3.1812

0.0030

D (Natural gas consumption)

0.1119

0.0388

2.8809

0.0066

D (Natural gas consumption(− 1))

0.0969

0.0373

2.6008

0.0133

D (Oil consumption)

0.0012

0.0002

4.7727

0.0000

D (Per capita income)

0.0027

0.0015

1.8763

0.0685

ECT(−1)

− 0.2682

0.1034

− 2.5935

0.0135