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Table 1 Unit Root Test

From: The relationship between energy consumption, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in Pakistan

 

ADF

Phillips-Perron

Level

Variables

Intercept

Trend & Intercept

Intercept

Trend & Intercept

Co2 Per Capita

−0.0105

−3.9313**

− 0.1172

−2.3169

Per Capita % Of GDP

−6.6133*

−6.6682*

− 6.6134*

−6.6690*

Coal Consumption

−0.4811

−1.8007

−0.2819

− 2.5639

Natural Gas Consumption

0.2805

−1.9188

0.7109

−1.6321

Oil Consumption

1.0150

−2.0356

1.2493

−1.6065

First Difference

Co2 Per Capita

−6.6240*

− 6.5945*

− 6.6824*

− 6.6536*

Per Capita % Of GDP

− 6.6240*

−11.3836*

− 6.6824*

− 26.4811*

Coal Consumption

− 3.9032**

− 4.4879**

− 7.0700*

−7.1254*

Natural Gas Consumption

− 3.5880**

− 3.7317**

− 3.5408*

−3.6997**

Oil Consumption

−3.5999**

−4.0415**

− 4.0651**

− 4.7010**

  1. 1, 5 and 10% levels is indicated respectively by *, ** and ***